This handbook was made possible through the funding and support of U.S. Department of State’s Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration (PRM). Technical input was provided by State Department staf for this handbook, which was also shared for comments with the U.S. Departments of Health and Human Services (HHS) and Labor (DOL), the Ofce of Management and Budget (OMB) and the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). Principal drafters and contributors to this handbook included Rosilyne Borland, Sarah Craggs, Kristin Dadey, Richard Danziger, Timor El-Dardiry, Christophe Franzetti, Lidia Futter, Harvy Gadia, Ashley Garrett, Tatiana Ivanyuk, Frank Laczko, Fred Larsson, Par Liljert, Amy Mahoney, Agueda Marin, Jonathan Martens, Ruzayda Martens, Virginia Martinez, Chissey Mueller, Malathy Nagasayee, Anh Nguyen, Helen Nilsson, Monika Perufo, Thien Trang Nguyen Phan, Lua Pottier, Anna Eva Radicetti, Olga Rakhmatullova, Jo Rispoli, Vivita Rozenbergs, Shpetim Spahija, Miwa Takahashi, Ani Zamogchian with the support of Jef Labovitz, Richard Scott and Yorio Tanimura. Special thanks to IOM staf who attended drafting sessions in Geneva and Kiev for your feedback and support throughout this project. It could not have been done without you.